Conditionals the Ruby Way

if / elsif / else / end — no braces, no parens

Swift wraps a condition in parens and a body in braces. Python drops the parens but keeps significant indentation with a colon. Ruby drops BOTH parens and braces — the block is closed with an explicit end keyword instead:

rating = 4.9
if rating >= 4.8
  puts "top rated"
elsif rating >= 4.0
  puts "solid"
else
  puts "needs reviews"
end

elsif — no second e, easy to misspell once and never again. Indentation (2 spaces, by convention) is purely cosmetic here, unlike Python — Ruby knows the block ends at end, not by dedenting.